Logical Reasoning for Class 3 Olympiad Level Guide

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Logical Reasoning for Class 3: Patterns, Analogy, Coding-Decoding and More (Olympiad Level Guide)




Introduction

Why do some children solve puzzles faster than others? It’s not magic—it’s Logical Reasoning. This skill helps kids think clearly, spot patterns, and solve problems smartly.

In this guide, your child will explore exciting topics like patterns, analogy, coding-decoding, mirror images, and more. With fun explanations and Olympiad-level questions, learning will feel like a game.

Let’s train the brain to think sharper.


What is Logical Reasoning?

Logical reasoning means using your brain to find patterns, connections, and rules.

It helps in:
Understanding sequences
Solving puzzles
Making smart guesses


Patterns

Patterns are repeated or growing sequences.

Example:
2, 4, 6, 8, __
Rule: +2
Answer: 10

Example:
5, 10, 20, 40, __
Rule: ×2
Answer: 80

Visual idea:
Imagine stepping stairs—each step follows a rule.

Analogy

Analogy means finding a similar relationship.

Example:
Cat : Kitten :: Dog : ?
Answer: Puppy

Think: Cat’s baby = Kitten
Dog’s baby = Puppy

Classification

Find the odd one out.

Example:
Apple, Mango, Banana, Car
Answer: Car (others are fruits)


Coding-Decoding

Letters or numbers follow a rule.

Example:
A = 1, B = 2
CAT = 3 + 1 + 20 = 24

Mirror Images

Imagine looking in a mirror. Left becomes right.

Example:
b becomes d
p becomes q

Tip: Focus on direction change.


Embedded Figures

Find a small shape hidden inside a big shape.

Tip: Break the big picture into smaller parts.


Ranking Test

Find position or rank.

Example:
Riya is taller than Mohan but shorter than Ravi.
Who is tallest? Ravi

Geometrical Shapes

Identify shapes and patterns.

Triangle = 3 sides
Square = 4 equal sides
Circle = no sides

Common mistakes students make

Guessing without checking pattern
Confusing mirror images
Mixing up analogy relationships
Ignoring small hidden shapes
Forgetting order in ranking


Smart tricks

Look for simple rules first (+, −, ×)
Solve step by step
Draw small diagrams for ranking
Use elimination method
Practice daily puzzles


                                            Practice Questions

Easy Level 

  1. Find next: 2, 4, 6, __

  2. Find next: 5, 10, 15, __

  3. Odd one: Dog, Cat, Tiger, Car

  4. Bird : Nest :: Dog : ?

  5. A=1, B=2 → C=?

  6. Find next: 1, 3, 5, __

  7. Which is different: Circle, Square, Apple

  8. CAT → 3-1-20, BAT → ?

  9. Mirror of b

  10. Triangle has how many sides?

  11. Find next: 10, 20, 30, __

  12. Odd one: Rose, Lily, Table

  13. Cow : Calf :: Dog : ?

  14. Find next: 7, 14, __

  15. Square has how many sides?

  16. A=1, D=?

  17. Which is shape: Ball, Chair, Circle

  18. Find next: 100, 200, __

  19. Mirror of p

  20. Odd one: Car, Bus, Mango

Medium Level 

  1. Find next: 3, 6, 12, __

  2. Find next: 1, 4, 9, __

  3. Odd one: 2, 4, 6, 9

  4. Book : Read :: Pen : ?

  5. A=1 → DOG = ?

  6. Mirror of d

  7. Find next: 8, 16, 32, __

  8. Odd one: Triangle, Square, Circle, Pencil

  9. Riya taller than Sita, Sita taller than Meena. Who shortest?

  10. Find next: 5, 25, __

  11. Classification: Cow, Goat, Tiger, Lion

  12. Find next: 2, 6, 18, __

  13. CAT : BAT :: DOG : ?

  14. Mirror of q

  15. Find next: 11, 22, 33, __

  16. Odd one: Sun, Moon, Star, Chair

  17. A=1 → BOX = ?

  18. Find next: 1000, 900, __

  19. Embedded: Find triangle in figure (conceptual)

  20. Rank: Ram is 2nd from top in class of 5. Position from bottom?

Hard Level 

  1. Find next: 2, 6, 7, 21, 22, __

  2. Find next: 4, 9, 16, 25, __

  3. Odd one: 121, 144, 169, 150

  4. Pencil : Write :: Knife : ?

  5. A=1 → MATH = ?

  6. Mirror of “bed”

  7. Find next: 3, 9, 27, 81, __

  8. Classification: Rose, Lotus, Mango, Lily

  9. Riya taller than A, A taller than B, B taller than C. Who shortest?

  10. Find next: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, __

  11. CAT = 24, DOG = ?

  12. Mirror of “was”

  13. Find next: 10, 9, 7, 4, __

  14. Odd one: Cube, Sphere, Circle, Cylinder

  15. BOX : COY :: CAT : ?

  16. Embedded figure: find square inside rectangle (conceptual)

  17. Rank: 10 students, Aman is 7th from top. From bottom?

  18. Find next: 6, 12, 24, 48, __

  19. Odd one: Red, Blue, Green, Apple


Answer Key with Explanations

  1. 8 (+2)

  2. 20 (+5)

  3. Car

  4. Kennel

  5. 3

  6. 7

  7. Apple

  8. 2-1-20

  9. d

  10. 3

  11. 40

  12. Table

  13. Puppy

  14. 21

  15. 4

  16. 4

  17. Circle

  18. 300

  19. q

  20. Mango

  21. 24

  22. 16

  23. 9 (odd number)

  24. Write

  25. 4+15+7=26

  26. b

  27. 64

  28. Pencil

  29. Meena

  30. 125

  31. Tiger/Lion (wild vs domestic)

  32. 54

  33. BOG

  34. p

  35. 44

  36. Chair

  37. 2+15+24=41

  38. 800

  39. Concept based

  40. 4th

  41. 66 (pattern ×3, +1)

  42. 36

  43. 150

  44. Cut

  45. 13+1+20+8=42

  46. deb

  47. 243

  48. Mango

  49. C

  50. 8

  51. 4+15+7=26

  52. saw

  53. 0

  54. Circle

  55. DBU

  56. Concept

  57. 4th

  58. 96

  59. Apple


Logical reasoning is like a brain gym. The more your child practices, the stronger their thinking becomes. Encourage them to enjoy puzzles, ask questions, and explore patterns daily.

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