Class 7 Logical Reasoning Olympiad Questions with Answers Easy to Hard

Logical Reasoning and Mathematical Reasoning for Class 7 Olympiad

Introduction

Why do some students solve Olympiad questions faster and more accurately?
It’s not luck. It’s reasoning power.

Logical and mathematical reasoning help students think clearly, connect ideas, and solve problems smartly instead of just calculating. This chapter is the backbone of Olympiad success.

What is Logical Reasoning?
Logical reasoning means solving problems using patterns, relationships, and rules.

It includes:
Patterns, Coding-Decoding, Series, Analogy, Classification, Direction Sense, Puzzles

What is Mathematical Reasoning?
Mathematical reasoning is about understanding why a statement is true or false.

It includes:
Statements, Conditions, Deduction, Number logic, Patterns

Patterns and Series

Example
2, 6, 18, 54, __

Pattern: multiply by 3
Answer: 162

Visual Idea
Imagine numbers growing like branches of a tree — each step follows a rule.

Coding-Decoding

Example
If CAT → DBU
DOG → ?

Each letter moves +1 → Answer: EPH

Analogy

Example
Pencil : Write :: Knife : Cut

Classification

Find the odd one

Example
2, 3, 5, 9 → 9 is not prime

Direction Sense

Example
Move north, then right → east

Mathematical Logic

Example
If all even numbers are divisible by 2, is 14 divisible by 2? Yes

Visual Understanding

Think like a detective solving clues step by step.

Common Mistakes

Students often:
ignore hidden patterns
rush in coding-decoding
confuse directions
skip checking logic
focus only on calculation

Short Tricks

Check difference or ratio in series
Use alphabet positions quickly
Draw directions on paper
Break problems step by step
Check options logically

Practice Questions

Easy Level

1. Find next: 2, 4, 8, 16, __

2. Find next: 5, 10, 15, __

3. Odd one: 2, 3, 5, 8

4. CAT → DBU, BAT → __

5. A is north of B. B is north of C. Who is farthest north?

6. Find next: 1, 3, 5, __

7. Which is prime: 9, 11, 15

8. Mirror of p

9. Opposite of east

10. Find next: 100, 90, 80, __

11. A = 1, Z = __

12. Which is odd: Apple, Mango, Dog

13. Find next: 7, 14, 21, __

14. CAT → DBU, DOG → __

15. Which is even: 13, 24, 35

16. Find next: 3, 6, 12, __

17. Which is smallest: 45, 54, 40

18. Write next prime after 7

19. Direction: north → left = ?

20. Find next: 2, 5, 10, 17, __

21. Which is odd: cube, sphere, triangle

22. Find next: 9, 18, 27, __

23. If A = 1, M = __

24. Find missing: 4, 8, 16, __

Medium Level

25. Find next: 2, 6, 18, 54, __

26. Coding: PEN → QFO, MAP → __

27. Ravi walks north, then right, then right. Direction?

28. Odd: 4, 9, 16, 20

29. Find next: 1, 4, 9, 16, __

30. A is taller than B, B taller than C. Who is shortest?

31. Find next: 11, 22, 44, __

32. If CAT = 24, BAT = 23, RAT = __

33. Find next: 3, 9, 27, __

34. Which is not prime: 17, 19, 21

35. Find next: 100, 200, 400, __

36. Coding: DOG → EPH, CAT → __

37. Find next: 6, 7, 9, 12, __

38. Which is largest: 0.5, 0.05, 0.005

39. Find next: 2, 3, 5, 7, __

40. A is east of B, B is south of C. A is in which direction of C?

41. Find next: 4, 16, 64, __

42. Odd: square, cube, triangle

43. Find next: 8, 27, 64, __

44. If ABC = 123, DEF = __

45. Find next: 15, 30, 60, __

46. Which is divisible by 3: 123, 124

Hard Level (IMO Level)

47. Find next: 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, __

48. Coding: CAR → DBS, MAP → __

49. Ravi is 5th from left and 3rd from right. Total?

50. Find next: 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, __

51. Odd: 2, 4, 8, 16, 18

52. Find next: 5, 15, 45, __

53. Direction: north → right → left → right = ?

54. If A = 1, Z = 26, sum of CAT = ?

55. Find next: 10, 9, 7, 4, __

56. If all multiples of 4 are even, is 28 even?

57. Find next: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, __

58. Find next: 9, 81, 729, __

59. Coding: ABC = BCD, XYZ = __

60. Find next: 1000, 900, 800, __

61. Odd: 3, 6, 9, 11

62. Find next: 7, 14, 28, 56, __

63. Find remainder: 100 ÷ 7

64. If pen costs more than book, book more than pencil. Cheapest?

65. Find next: 2, 6, 7, 21, __

66. Coding: DOG = 4157, CAT = __

67. Find next: 3, 12, 48, __

68. If all squares are rectangles, is every rectangle a square?

69. Find next: 1, 4, 3, 6, 5, __

70. Find next: 2, 10, 30, 68, __

71. Find HCF of 12 and 18

72. Find LCM of 4 and 5

73. Find next prime after 23

74. Find sum of first 10 natural numbers

75. Which is divisible by 9: 999, 998

76. Find next: 11, 13, 17, 19, __

77. If A is brother of B, B sister of C, relation of A and C?

78. Find next: 6, 12, 18, 24, __

79. Find next: 2, 4, 12, 48, __

Answer Key with Explanations

Easy

1. 32

2. 20

3. 8

4. CBU

5. A

6. 7

7. 11

8. q

9. west

10. 70

11. 26

12. Dog

13. 28

14. EPH

15. 24

16. 24

17. 40

18. 11

19. west

20. 26

21. triangle

22. 36

23. 13

24. 32

Medium

25. 162

26. NBQ

27. south

28. 20

29. 25

30. C

31. 88

32. 35

33. 81

34. 21

35. 800

36. DBU

37. 16

38. 0.5

39. 11

40. southeast

41. 256

42. cube

43. 125

44. 456

45. 120

46. 123

47. 
    

Hard

47. 720

48. NBR

49. 7

50. 21

51. 18

52. 135

53. east

54. 24

55. 0

56. Yes

57. 13

58. 6561

59. YZA

60. 700

61. 11

62. 112

63. 2

64. pencil

65. 22

66. 3120

67. 192

68. No

69. 8

70. 130

71. 6

72. 20

73. 29

74. 55

75. 999

76. 23

77. brother

78. 30

79. 240

Logical and mathematical reasoning are not about memorizing — they are about thinking.

Encourage daily puzzle solving, pattern spotting, and logical discussions. That’s how Olympiad toppers think.